How to Choose a Cordless Drill: Voltage, Torque and Batteries

A cordless drill is the first power tool most workshops buy — and the easiest one to overspend on. The good news: choosing well comes down to three things — voltage, torque, and the battery platform you are committing to.

Voltage: match it to the work

Voltage is a rough proxy for power. A 12V compact drill handles furniture assembly, pilot holes and cabinet hardware all day while staying light. An 18V/20V MAX class tool drives long structural screws and large spade bits without strain, at the cost of extra weight.

• 12V — assembly, repairs, light DIY, tight spaces
• 18V / 20V MAX — framing, decking, drilling in masonry with hammer function
• Above 20V — niche heavy-duty work; consider a dedicated impact driver first

Torque and the clutch

Look at the numeric torque rating (Nm) rather than marketing labels. 30–40 Nm covers most household and shop tasks; 60+ Nm is framing territory. A clutch with 15–20 positions protects screw heads and workpieces — you will use it more than you think.

Batteries decide the real price

The drill is only half the purchase. Batteries and the charger are the recurring cost, and they lock you into a manufacturer's platform. Before buying, check the price of a spare 2.0Ah and 5.0Ah pack — and whether the same batteries power the saws, grinders and lights you may add later.